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The foundation of Ayurveda is based on philosophy, a study of fundamental nature of real or valid knowledge which guides the creation of theories. Six schools of thoughts of Indian philosophy or Darshana named as Sankhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vashesika, Mimamsa and Vedanta directs such validity of knowledge. They are grouped under three pairs for better justification founded on complementary aspects of related systems or syllogism. Sankhya and Yoga forms a pair by name of Sankhya which discusses the details of philosophical truths for objects of devotion and meditation leading to absolute communion. Nyaya and Vaishesika forms second pair under the school of Nyaya. Philosophical truths mentioned under Nyaya are rested on investigation and discussion for ascertaining the philosophical truths. Third pair consists of Mimamsa and Vedanta under the school of Vedanta. Mimamsa is known for philosophical theories of nature of Dharma based on interpretation of Veda while Vedanta deals with the philosophies contained in Upanishads, Brahma Sutra and Srimad Bhagwadgeeta.
The practical commending of real knowledge of any subject is still relevant with principles mentioned under these texts. Almost all of these philosophical science works on theory of cause and effect. All these three main schools have used Pramana as an instrument in search of valid flawless knowledge. Pramana depends upon the knower, knowable and the way knowledge is gained. Pramana includes both active process of gaining knowledge i.e., Yukti and passive process known as Pratykasha. Nyaya further adds Upamana or resemblance and Shabda/Aagama (accepted proof). Arthapatti and Anupalabdhi are additionally taken by Mimamsa. Arthapatti or postulation is used for contemporary logic incorporated with circumstantial instances while Anupalabdhi is connected to non-perception or negative proof.
Darshana provides the basis of critical thinking and problem solving. How, when and what to communicate based on logical reasoning are apprehended, if Darshana is studied.

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